$CATEGORY: Science - Khan Academy/9.Heredity & Evolution/9.Heredity & Evolution--Heredity

//Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the unit of heredity? {
    ~DNA
    ~Chromosome
    =Gene
    ~RNA
}

DNA is located in which part of the cell? {
    ~Cytoplasm
    =Nucleus
    ~Ribosome
    ~Cell membrane
}

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched? {
    ~DNA - Proteins
    ~Chromosome - RNA
    =Gene - DNA segment
    ~RNA - Heredity material
}

What is the shape of a DNA molecule? {
    ~Circular
    =Double helix
    ~Linear
    ~Spiral
}

How many chromosomes are present in a human somatic cell? {
    ~23
    =46
    ~44
    ~22
}

Which of the following carries genetic information? {
    ~Lipids
    ~Proteins
    =DNA
    ~Carbohydrates
}

Who proposed the double-helix structure of DNA? {
    ~Gregor Mendel
    =Watson and Crick
    ~Charles Darwin
    ~Rosalind Franklin
}

Genes are made up of which molecule? {
    ~Protein
    =DNA
    ~RNA
    ~Lipids
}

What is the functional unit of inheritance? {
    ~Chromosome
    ~DNA
    =Gene
    ~Nucleotide
}

Which of the following determines the sex of a human child? {
    ~Autosomes
    ~X chromosome in the father
    =Y chromosome in the father
    ~X chromosome in the mother
}

//True or False

DNA is a double-helix structure. {T}

Humans have 23 chromosomes in each somatic cell. {F}

Genes are segments of DNA that code for proteins. {T}

The Y chromosome determines the female sex in humans. {F}

Thymine pairs with adenine in a DNA molecule. {T}

Gregor Mendel is known as the Father of Genetics. {T}

Cytosine pairs with uracil in DNA. {F}

DNA is made up of nucleotides containing a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base. {T}

Mutation is always harmful to an organism. {F}

RNA is the hereditary material in all living organisms. {F}

//Fill in the blanks

The basic unit of heredity is called a ________. {
    ~DNA
    ~Chromosome
    =Gene
}

The structure of DNA was discovered by ________. {
    ~Mendel
    =Watson and Crick
    ~Darwin
}

The full form of DNA is ________. {
    ~Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
    =Deoxyribonucleic Acid
    ~Dioxide Nucleic Acid
}

Humans have ________ pairs of chromosomes. {
    =23
    ~46
    ~22
}

The nitrogenous bases in DNA include adenine, thymine, guanine, and ________. {
    =Cytosine
    ~Uracil
    ~Ribose
}

In humans, the ________ chromosome determines the male sex. {
    ~X
    =Y
    ~Z
}

A segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein is called a ________. {
    ~Chromosome
    =Gene
    ~Nucleotide
}

The sugar found in DNA is ________. {
    ~Ribose
    ~Glucose
    =Deoxyribose
}

Gregor Mendel is known as the ________ of genetics. {
    =Father
    ~Founder
    ~Creator
}

DNA replication occurs in the ________ of a cell. {
    ~Cytoplasm
    =Nucleus
    ~Ribosome
}

//Numericals

If a DNA strand has 20% adenine, what percentage of thymine will it have? {
    =20%
    ~30%
    ~40%
}

If a DNA molecule has 30% cytosine, what percentage of guanine will it have? {
    ~20%
    =30%
    ~40%
}

A human gamete contains how many chromosomes? {
    ~46
    =23
    ~22
}

How many autosomes are present in a human somatic cell? {
    =22 pairs
    ~23 pairs
    ~44 pairs
}

If a DNA sequence has 1,000 base pairs, how many nucleotides does it contain? {
    ~1,000
    =2,000
    ~500
}

If a DNA segment has 300 adenine bases, how many thymine bases will it have? {
    ~150
    =300
    ~600
}

In a diploid cell, if the chromosome number is 46, how many chromosomes will be in a haploid cell? {
    =23
    ~46
    ~92
}

If a DNA molecule contains 40% guanine, what percentage of cytosine will it have? {
    ~20%
    =40%
    ~60%
}

If a male inherits one X chromosome from his mother, how many X chromosomes will he have in total? {
    =1
    ~2
    ~0
}

If a DNA molecule contains 10,000 base pairs, how many adenine-thymine pairs will it have if 40% of the bases are adenine? {
    ~2,000
    =4,000
    ~8,000
}

//Match the following

Match the following items from Column A with their correct corresponding options from Column B\:
{
=DNA -> Double helix structure
=Gene -> Unit of Heredity
=Chromosomes -> Made of DNA and proteins
=Watson and Crick -> Discovered the DNA structure
}


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